A valid conclusion must be drawn from what type of evidence?

A valid conclusion is best drawn from established facts and data because these provide reliable and objective support for reasoning. Established facts are verifiable pieces of information that can be tested and proven, while data encompasses documented observations that help substantiate arguments or claims. This scientific and empirical basis ensures that conclusions are grounded in reality, allowing for a logical progression from evidence to conclusion.

Choosing established facts and data minimizes the risk of bias or inaccuracies that can arise from personal beliefs, hypothetical scenarios, or unverified rumors. By relying on concrete evidence, one can make well-supported inferences or conclusions that hold greater credibility in any discussion or analysis.